Abstract: Objective 16S rDNA sequencing was used to study on the characteristics of gut microbiota in four representative rat strains. Method The samples of fresh feces were collected from 48 SD, Wistar, F344, and BN rat strains were collected from the same feeding facility, with half male and half female. The V4 region was amplified with 16S rDNA universal primers. The composition and diversity was analyzed with QIIME. The LEfSe software was used to compare major flora with statistical differences in each strains and gender. Result Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes constitute the main intestinal flora of the rats. Muribaculaceae,Bacteroidesare the main intestinal flora on genera level. The Alpha diversity showed that compared with inbred rats, the outbred rats had higher diversity and richness with higher dispersion. Beta diversity showed that the structure of the gut microbiota from different strains and different genders are different. Conclusion The characteristics of gut microbiota of representative rat strains from National Rodent Laboratory Animal Resources Center is analyzed to rich date support for the related research, which also showed that main intestinal flora from the same breeding condition is similar, and the diversity and richness of the gut microbiotais related to strain and gender.

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摘要： 目的 通过 16SrDNA 高通量测序技术分析 4 种常见的实验大鼠品系肠道菌群结构特征。 方法 同一饲养设施内的 SD、Wistar、F344 和 BN 共 4 个品系大鼠 48 只,雌雄各半,收集其新鲜粪便样品,采用 16SrDNA 通用引物扩增 V4 区并进行高通量测序,通过使用 QIIME 软件分析样品中菌群组成和多样性指标,使用 LEfSe 软件比较各组中具有统计学差异的主要菌群。结果实验大鼠肠道菌群主要有拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门等;属水平上主要是Muribaculaceae 属、拟杆菌属等。 Alpha 多样性显示:相较近交系大鼠,封闭群大鼠多样性和丰富度较高,且组内离散程度较大。 Beta 多样性显示:不同品系、同一品系不同性别大肠菌群有所差异。 结论 对国家啮齿类实验动物资源库的部分大鼠品系肠道菌群特征进行分析,为大鼠肠道菌群的相关研究提供了参考数据,同时其相对丰度和多态性结果分析表明在同一饲养条件下,不同品系、性别的大鼠肠道优势菌群相似,而肠道菌群丰富度和组内离散度也受品系及性别影响

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